Rail OEMs have sharpened their focus on the design and styling of existing and new trains. This shift has been driven by the diversification of cultures, globalization of economies, and technological developments that have prompted heightened consumer awareness. Train design and styling strategy for interiors and exterior design must consider a variety of factors, including area, climate, demographics, and culture. Strong recall value is of high priority.​

Rolling stock manufacturers must consider the flexibility aspects of the interior components, such as adjustable seating, fold-out space for maximizing standing area, and handles and fixtures for different passenger personas (differently-abled, elderly, with pets, etc.). Along with durability, functionality, and aesthetics, train interiors must also be able to switch between ‘commuter’ and ‘leisure’ arrangements. Moreover, the growing importance of creating a mobility experience using technology, has prompted the emergence of a new design ecosystem that considers the implementation of IoT, Wi-Fi, sensors, QR codes, and other components that enable in-train digital operability.​

As rail companies head toward the future, cutting-edge technologies will be instrumental in considerably reducing 3D design and styling development time. And as OEMs seek out an integrated approach to design management projects, tools such as XR (extended reality) promises to provide better visibility into the design project.​